What is the recommended approach for analyzing literary texts on the ELA 291?

• A. Skimming the passage for keywords and restating the plot.
• B. Close reading to identify theme, characterization, plot, symbols, and author's craft, citing textual evidence to support claims.
• C. Memorizing author's biography to infer meaning.
• D. Focusing only on the climax and ending for interpretation.

Answer: (B)

Close, evidence-based reading of a literary text is essential. You examine what the text itself reveals about theme, characterization, plot progression, symbols, and the author’s craft by paying careful attention to language, imagery, structure, point of view, and other craft moves. Then you support your interpretation with direct textual evidence—quotes or precise line references—and explain how those details back up your claim about meaning. This approach moves you beyond simple summary or relying on a biography, guiding you toward a nuanced, text-centered analysis. Skimming for keywords and restating the plot misses how meaning is built, and focusing only on the climax ignores how earlier scenes and craft choices shape interpretation.